Area : 84,421 km2 (32,595.1 sq mi)
Area rank : 20th
Coastline : 2,797 km (1,738 mi)
Highest elevation : 1,041 m (3,415 ft)
Highest point : Carrauntoohil
A Norman invasion in the Middle Ages gave way to a Gaelic growing in the 13th century. Over sixty years of intermittent warfare in the 1500s led to English popularity after 1603. In the 1690s, a system of Protestant English rule was designed to materially disadvantage the Catholic majority and Protestant dissenters, and was prolonged during the 18th century. In 1801, Ireland became a part of the United Kingdom. A war of freedom in the early 20th century led to the partition of the island, creating the Irish Free State, which became progressively sovereign over the following decades. Northern Ireland remained a part of the United Kingdom and saw much civil unrest from the late 1960s until the 1990s. This gone away following a political settlement in 1998. In 1973, both parts of Ireland joined the European Economic Community.
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